Data Availability StatementAll data generated or analyzed in this study are included in this published article. 72.9% in obstetrics and gynecology to 94.6% in pediatric medical niche. Community acquired attacks (38.7%) and surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (22.5%) had been the most frequent signs. Medical antibiotic prophylaxis was utilized or planned to be utilized for greater than a complete day in every the cases. Metronidazole (30.5%), ciprofloxacin (17.1%), ceftriaxone (16.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (12.5%) and gentamicin (11.8%) had been the mostly prescribed antibiotics. General, broad range antibiotics displayed one-third of all prescriptions. The modification of preliminary antibiotic prescription was reported in one-third from the individuals and the reason why include a change to dental antibiotic (28.5%), escalation (4.5%) and de-escalation (3.6%). From the 257 individuals with an antibiotic prescription, 6.2% had redundant antibiotic mixtures. Summary The prevalence of antibiotic use was high with one in three prescriptions having a broad spectrum antibiotic. Prolonged use of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and redundant antibiotic combination were observed. Antimicrobial stewardship interventions are recommended in order to reduce the use of antibiotics and promote appropriate antibiotics prescribing. infection or biliary tract infection were not classified as redundant [14]. Human immunodeficiency virus cases who received VE-821 biological activity co-trimoxazole for the prevention or treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia in combination with another redundant antibiotic were excluded [15]. In addition, overlapping antibiotic spectra that involved erythromycin used in women with premature rupture of membrane was not included [15]. Those with redundant antibiotic therapy which was Rabbit polyclonal to VCAM1 discontinued before the time of survey and those who received redundant antibiotic therapy for less than 48?h at the time of the survey were also excluded. Patient medical and nursing records and medication chart were reviewed by a clinical pharmacist, and potential redundant antibiotic therapy was discussed with the attending physician and/or nurse. The following antibiotics VE-821 biological activity were classified as broad spectrum agents: piperacillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor, third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, polymyxins, daptomycin and oxazolidinones [6]. The World Health Organizations Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) index was used to classify the prescribed antibiotics into groups. The prevalence of antibiotic use and redundant antibiotic therapy was calculated as the percentage of patients who received one or more antibiotic and redundant antibiotic therapy on the day of the survey, respectively. Data analysis The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The data was de-identified before analysis. Categorical data was reported as frequency with percentage while continuous data was presented as mean (with standard deviation) or median. Multivariate and Bivariate regression analyses were used to determine the factors connected with redundant antibiotic therapy. Only factors that proven statistical significance (worth significantly less than 0.05 was regarded as statistical significance. Outcomes A complete of 321 inpatients had been surveyed as well as the median age group of the individuals was 27?years with females representing approximately 58%. A lot of the surveyed individuals were admitted towards the medical device (Community acquired attacks, Hospital acquired attacks, Medical prophylaxis, Medical prophylaxis and Unfamiliar indicator The classes of antibiotic approved on your day of the study varied based on the signs. The five mostly recommended classes of antibiotic for community obtained infections consist of nitroimidazoles (26.4%), fluoroquinolones (19.0%), third era cephalosporins (14.9%), mixtures of penicillins beta-lactamase inhibitors (10.3%) and aminoglycosides (7.5%). In the entire case of medical center obtained attacks, nitroimidazoles (31.5%), third era cephalosporins (20.5%), aminoglycosides (13.7%), fluoroquinolones (11.0%) and mixtures of penicillins beta-lactamase inhibitors (11.0%) were probably the most prescribed antibiotics. From the 101 antibiotic prescriptions for medical antibiotic prophylaxis, nitroimidazoles, third era cephalosporins, mixtures of penicillins beta-lactamase inhibitors, second era cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were the most prescribed and represented 33.7, 20.8, 10.9, 8.9 and 7.9% of all the prescriptions, respectively. Antibiotics prescribed based on ward specialtyAntibiotic prescription varied among the specialties; ceftriaxone (28.8%), gentamicin (16.9) and metronidazole (13.6%) were the most commonly prescribed VE-821 biological activity antibiotics in pediatric medical specialty. Among neonates, gentamicin (40.0%), ceftazidime (15.6%) and ampicillin-sulbactam (15.6%) were the most prescribed antibiotics. The three most common prescriptions in adult medical specialty were metronidazole (28.9%), ciprofloxacin (18.4%) and ceftriaxone (15.8%). In the surgical specialty, metronidazole (29.4%), ciprofloxacin (21.2%) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (15.3) were the most frequent antibiotic prescriptions while tinidazole (25.8%), cefixime (20.2%) and metronidazole (13.5%) were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in the obstetrics and gynecology ward/specialty. Metronidazole, amoxicillin and gentamicin had the highest prescriptions and represented 36.8, 21.1 and 12.3%, of antibiotics prescribed in the pediatric surgical specialty, respectively. Table?3 shows the distribution of antibiotic prescriptions based on ward/specialty. Table 3 Antibiotics prescribed among hospitalized patients?disaggregated based on ward specialty Obstetrics and gynecology.